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Dutch expedition to Valdivia
With Spain and the Dutch Republic at war in 1643 a Dutch fleet sailed from to Dutch Brazil to Southern Chile with the goal of establishing a base in the ruins of the abandoned Spanish city of Valdivia. The expedition led by Hendrik Brouwer sacked the Spanish settlements of Carelmapu and Castro in Chiloé Archipelago before sailing to Valdivia. The Dutch arrived to Valdivia on August 24, 1643 and named the colony Brouwershaven after Brouwer who had died weeks ago. The short-lived colony was abandoned on 28 October 1643. Nevertheless, the occupation caused great alarm among Spanish authorities and the Spanish resettled Valdivia and begun the construction of an extensive network of fortifications in 1645 to prevent any similar intrusion. Albeit contemporaries considered the possibility of a new incursion the expedition was the last one of the Dutch on the west coast of the Americas.〔
==Background==
In the years following the Battle of Curalaba (1598) a general uprising developed among Mapuches and Huilliches. The Spanish cities of Angol, La Imperial, Osorno, Santa Cruz de Oñez, Valdivia and Villarrica were either destroyed or abandoned.〔Villalobos ''et al.'' 1974, p. 109.〕 Only Chillán and Concepción resisted the Mapuche sieges and attacks.〔Bengoa 2003, pp. 324–325.〕 With the exception of Chiloé Archipelago all the Chilean territory south of Bío Bío River became free of Spanish rule.〔
The abandoned city of Valdivia turned into an attractive site for Spains enemies to control since it would allow them to establish a base amidst Spains Chilean possessions.
In 1600 local Huilliches joined the Dutch corsair Baltazar de Cordes to attack the Spanish settlement of Castro in Chiloé. While this was a sporadic attack the Spanish believed the Dutch could attempt to ally the Mapuches and establish a stronghold in southern Chile.〔Clark 2006, p. 13.〕 The Spanish knew of the Dutch plans to establish themselves at the ruins of Valdivia so they attempted to re-establish Spanish rule there before the Dutch arrived again.〔Bengoa 2003, pp. 450–451.〕 The Spanish attempts were thwarted in the 1630s when Mapuches did not allow the Spanish to pass by their territory to reach the ruins of Valdivia.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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